Buffer

Buffers are the basic unit of data transfer in GStreamer. They contain the timing and offset along with other arbitrary metadata that is associated with the #GstMemory blocks that the buffer contains.

Buffers are usually created with gst_buffer_new(). After a buffer has been created one will typically allocate memory for it and add it to the buffer. The following example creates a buffer that can hold a given video frame with a given width, height and bits per plane. |[<!-- language="C" --> GstBuffer *buffer; GstMemory *memory; gint size, width, height, bpp; ... size = width * height * bpp; buffer = gst_buffer_new (); memory = gst_allocator_alloc (NULL, size, NULL); gst_buffer_insert_memory (buffer, -1, memory); ... ]|

Alternatively, use gst_buffer_new_allocate() to create a buffer with preallocated data of a given size.

Buffers can contain a list of #GstMemory objects. You can retrieve how many memory objects with gst_buffer_n_memory() and you can get a pointer to memory with gst_buffer_peek_memory()

A buffer will usually have timestamps, and a duration, but neither of these are guaranteed (they may be set to #GST_CLOCK_TIME_NONE). Whenever a meaningful value can be given for these, they should be set. The timestamps and duration are measured in nanoseconds (they are #GstClockTime values).

The buffer DTS refers to the timestamp when the buffer should be decoded and is usually monotonically increasing. The buffer PTS refers to the timestamp when the buffer content should be presented to the user and is not always monotonically increasing.

A buffer can also have one or both of a start and an end offset. These are media-type specific. For video buffers, the start offset will generally be the frame number. For audio buffers, it will be the number of samples produced so far. For compressed data, it could be the byte offset in a source or destination file. Likewise, the end offset will be the offset of the end of the buffer. These can only be meaningfully interpreted if you know the media type of the buffer (the preceding CAPS event). Either or both can be set to #GST_BUFFER_OFFSET_NONE.

gst_buffer_ref() is used to increase the refcount of a buffer. This must be done when you want to keep a handle to the buffer after pushing it to the next element. The buffer refcount determines the writability of the buffer, a buffer is only writable when the refcount is exactly 1, i.e. when the caller has the only reference to the buffer.

To efficiently create a smaller buffer out of an existing one, you can use gst_buffer_copy_region(). This method tries to share the memory objects between the two buffers.

If a plug-in wants to modify the buffer data or metadata in-place, it should first obtain a buffer that is safe to modify by using gst_buffer_make_writable(). This function is optimized so that a copy will only be made when it is necessary.

Several flags of the buffer can be set and unset with the GST_BUFFER_FLAG_SET() and GST_BUFFER_FLAG_UNSET() macros. Use GST_BUFFER_FLAG_IS_SET() to test if a certain #GstBufferFlags flag is set.

Buffers can be efficiently merged into a larger buffer with gst_buffer_append(). Copying of memory will only be done when absolutely needed.

Arbitrary extra metadata can be set on a buffer with gst_buffer_add_meta(). Metadata can be retrieved with gst_buffer_get_meta(). See also #GstMeta

An element should either unref the buffer or push it out on a src pad using gst_pad_push() (see #GstPad).

Buffers are usually freed by unreffing them with gst_buffer_unref(). When the refcount drops to 0, any memory and metadata pointed to by the buffer is unreffed as well. Buffers allocated from a #GstBufferPool will be returned to the pool when the refcount drops to 0.

The #GstParentBufferMeta is a meta which can be attached to a #GstBuffer to hold a reference to another buffer that is only released when the child #GstBuffer is released.

Typically, #GstParentBufferMeta is used when the child buffer is directly using the #GstMemory of the parent buffer, and wants to prevent the parent buffer from being returned to a buffer pool until the #GstMemory is available for re-use. (Since: 1.6)

class Buffer {}

Constructors

this
this(GstBuffer* gstBuffer, bool ownedRef)

Sets our main struct and passes it to the parent class.

this
this()

Creates a newly allocated buffer without any data.

this
this(Allocator allocator, size_t size, AllocationParams params)

Tries to create a newly allocated buffer with data of the given size and extra parameters from @allocator. If the requested amount of memory can't be allocated, %NULL will be returned. The allocated buffer memory is not cleared.

this
this(ubyte[] data)

Creates a new buffer that wraps the given @data. The memory will be freed with g_free and will be marked writable.

this
this(Bytes bytes)

Creates a new #GstBuffer that wraps the given @bytes. The data inside @bytes cannot be %NULL and the resulting buffer will be marked as read only.

this
this(GstMemoryFlags flags, ubyte[] data, size_t maxsize, size_t offset, void* userData, GDestroyNotify notify)

Allocate a new buffer that wraps the given memory. @data must point to @maxsize of memory, the wrapped buffer will have the region from @offset and @size visible.

Members

Functions

addMeta
Meta addMeta(GstMetaInfo* info, void* params)

Add metadata for @info to @buffer using the parameters in @params.

addParentBufferMeta
GstParentBufferMeta* addParentBufferMeta(Buffer ref_)

Add a #GstParentBufferMeta to @buffer that holds a reference on @ref until the buffer is freed.

addProtectionMeta
ProtectionMeta addProtectionMeta(Structure info)

Attaches protection metadata to a #GstBuffer.

addReferenceTimestampMeta
GstReferenceTimestampMeta* addReferenceTimestampMeta(Caps reference, GstClockTime timestamp, GstClockTime duration)

Add a #GstReferenceTimestampMeta to @buffer that holds a @timestamp and optionally @duration based on a specific timestamp @reference. See the documentation of #GstReferenceTimestampMeta for details.

append
Buffer append(Buffer buf2)

Append all the memory from @buf2 to @buf1. The result buffer will contain a concatenation of the memory of @buf1 and @buf2.

appendMemory
void appendMemory(Memory mem)

Append the memory block @mem to @buffer. This function takes ownership of @mem and thus doesn't increase its refcount.

appendRegion
Buffer appendRegion(Buffer buf2, ptrdiff_t offset, ptrdiff_t size)

Append @size bytes at @offset from @buf2 to @buf1. The result buffer will contain a concatenation of the memory of @buf1 and the requested region of @buf2.

copyDeep
Buffer copyDeep()

Create a copy of the given buffer. This will make a newly allocated copy of the data the source buffer contains.

copyInto
bool copyInto(Buffer src, GstBufferCopyFlags flags, size_t offset, size_t size)

Copies the information from @src into @dest.

copyRegion
Buffer copyRegion(GstBufferCopyFlags flags, size_t offset, size_t size)

Creates a sub-buffer from @parent at @offset and @size. This sub-buffer uses the actual memory space of the parent buffer. This function will copy the offset and timestamp fields when the offset is 0. If not, they will be set to #GST_CLOCK_TIME_NONE and #GST_BUFFER_OFFSET_NONE. If @offset equals 0 and @size equals the total size of @buffer, the duration and offset end fields are also copied. If not they will be set to #GST_CLOCK_TIME_NONE and #GST_BUFFER_OFFSET_NONE.

extract
size_t extract(size_t offset, ubyte[] dest)

Copy @size bytes starting from @offset in @buffer to @dest.

extractDup
void extractDup(size_t offset, size_t size, ubyte[] dest)

Extracts a copy of at most @size bytes the data at @offset into newly-allocated memory. @dest must be freed using g_free() when done.

fill
size_t fill(size_t offset, ubyte[] src)

Copy @size bytes from @src to @buffer at @offset.

findMemory
bool findMemory(size_t offset, size_t size, uint idx, uint length, size_t skip)

Find the memory blocks that span @size bytes starting from @offset in @buffer.

foreachMeta
bool foreachMeta(GstBufferForeachMetaFunc func, void* userData)

Call @func with @user_data for each meta in @buffer.

getAllMemory
Memory getAllMemory()

Get all the memory block in @buffer. The memory blocks will be merged into one large #GstMemory.

getBufferStruct
GstBuffer* getBufferStruct(bool transferOwnership)

Get the main Gtk struct

getFlags
GstBufferFlags getFlags()

Get the #GstBufferFlags flags set on this buffer.

getMemory
Memory getMemory(uint idx)

Get the memory block at index @idx in @buffer.

getMemoryRange
Memory getMemoryRange(uint idx, int length)

Get @length memory blocks in @buffer starting at @idx. The memory blocks will be merged into one large #GstMemory.

getMeta
Meta getMeta(GType api)

Get the metadata for @api on buffer. When there is no such metadata, %NULL is returned. If multiple metadata with the given @api are attached to this buffer only the first one is returned. To handle multiple metadata with a given API use gst_buffer_iterate_meta() or gst_buffer_foreach_meta() instead and check the meta->info.api member for the API type.

getNMeta
uint getNMeta(GType apiType)
getReferenceTimestampMeta
GstReferenceTimestampMeta* getReferenceTimestampMeta(Caps reference)

Find the first #GstReferenceTimestampMeta on @buffer that conforms to @reference. Conformance is tested by checking if the meta's reference is a subset of @reference.

getSize
size_t getSize()

Get the total size of the memory blocks in @buffer.

getSizes
size_t getSizes(size_t offset, size_t maxsize)

Get the total size of the memory blocks in @b.

getSizesRange
size_t getSizesRange(uint idx, int length, size_t offset, size_t maxsize)

Get the total size of @length memory blocks stating from @idx in @buffer.

getStruct
void* getStruct()

the main Gtk struct as a void*

hasFlags
bool hasFlags(GstBufferFlags flags)

Gives the status of a specific flag on a buffer.

insertMemory
void insertMemory(int idx, Memory mem)

Insert the memory block @mem to @buffer at @idx. This function takes ownership of @mem and thus doesn't increase its refcount.

isAllMemoryWritable
bool isAllMemoryWritable()

Check if all memory blocks in @buffer are writable.

isMemoryRangeWritable
bool isMemoryRangeWritable(uint idx, int length)

Check if @length memory blocks in @buffer starting from @idx are writable.

iterateMeta
Meta iterateMeta(void* state)

Retrieve the next #GstMeta after @current. If @state points to %NULL, the first metadata is returned.

iterateMetaFiltered
Meta iterateMetaFiltered(void* state, GType metaApiType)

Retrieve the next #GstMeta of type @meta_api_type after the current one according to @state. If @state points to %NULL, the first metadata of type @meta_api_type is returned.

map
bool map(GstMapInfo info, GstMapFlags flags)

This function fills @info with the #GstMapInfo of all merged memory blocks in @buffer.

mapRange
bool mapRange(uint idx, int length, GstMapInfo info, GstMapFlags flags)

This function fills @info with the #GstMapInfo of @length merged memory blocks starting at @idx in @buffer. When @length is -1, all memory blocks starting from @idx are merged and mapped.

memcmp
int memcmp(size_t offset, ubyte[] mem)

Compare @size bytes starting from @offset in @buffer with the memory in @mem.

memset
size_t memset(size_t offset, ubyte val, size_t size)

Fill @buf with @size bytes with @val starting from @offset.

nMemory
uint nMemory()

Get the amount of memory blocks that this buffer has. This amount is never larger than what gst_buffer_get_max_memory() returns.

peekMemory
Memory peekMemory(uint idx)

Get the memory block at @idx in @buffer. The memory block stays valid until the memory block in @buffer is removed, replaced or merged, typically with any call that modifies the memory in @buffer.

prependMemory
void prependMemory(Memory mem)

Prepend the memory block @mem to @buffer. This function takes ownership of @mem and thus doesn't increase its refcount.

removeAllMemory
void removeAllMemory()

Remove all the memory blocks in @buffer.

removeMemory
void removeMemory(uint idx)

Remove the memory block in @b at index @i.

removeMemoryRange
void removeMemoryRange(uint idx, int length)

Remove @length memory blocks in @buffer starting from @idx.

removeMeta
bool removeMeta(Meta meta)

Remove the metadata for @meta on @buffer.

replaceAllMemory
void replaceAllMemory(Memory mem)

Replaces all memory in @buffer with @mem.

replaceMemory
void replaceMemory(uint idx, Memory mem)

Replaces the memory block at index @idx in @buffer with @mem.

replaceMemoryRange
void replaceMemoryRange(uint idx, int length, Memory mem)

Replaces @length memory blocks in @buffer starting at @idx with @mem.

resize
void resize(ptrdiff_t offset, ptrdiff_t size)

Set the offset and total size of the memory blocks in @buffer.

resizeRange
bool resizeRange(uint idx, int length, ptrdiff_t offset, ptrdiff_t size)

Set the total size of the @length memory blocks starting at @idx in @buffer

setFlags
bool setFlags(GstBufferFlags flags)

Sets one or more buffer flags on a buffer.

setSize
void setSize(ptrdiff_t size)

Set the total size of the memory blocks in @buffer.

unmap
void unmap(GstMapInfo* info)

Release the memory previously mapped with gst_buffer_map().

unsetFlags
bool unsetFlags(GstBufferFlags flags)

Clears one or more buffer flags.

Static functions

getMaxMemory
uint getMaxMemory()

Get the maximum amount of memory blocks that a buffer can hold. This is a compile time constant that can be queried with the function.

getType
GType getType()

Variables

gstBuffer
GstBuffer* gstBuffer;

the main Gtk struct

ownedRef
bool ownedRef;
Undocumented in source.

Meta